When driving a car with anti-lock brakes, how should you brake to avoid skidding on ice?

When driving a car equipped with anti-lock brakes (ABS), the correct approach to braking on icy surfaces is to hold the brake pedal down with firm and continuous pressure. This method allows the ABS to function effectively, preventing the wheels from locking up, which is crucial on slippery surfaces like ice.

The ABS system is designed to modulate brake pressure, applying and releasing it rapidly to maintain traction and steering control. By keeping constant pressure on the brake pedal, the driver enables the system to operate properly, reducing the risk of skidding and helping to maintain control of the vehicle. Additionally, when the ABS engages, drivers may feel a pulsing sensation in the brake pedal, which is normal and indicates that the system is working to protect against wheel lock-up.

The other approaches, such as pumping the brakes quickly or applying brakes softly, may interfere with the ABS functionality and could lead to skidding. Shifting into a lower gear can help manage speed due to engine braking but does not directly influence how the brakes should be applied in icy conditions. Using the proper braking technique ensures maximum safety and vehicle control.